Recommendations on what to do if spots appear on the leaves and flowers of an orchid

Orchid is a beautiful flower native to the tropics. It’s not easy to adapt to home conditions, especially if there are no necessary content parameters.

The first signs of a plant's poor health are discoloration, and spotting on the foliage. There are various reasons to cure, but not harm, first of all, you should figure it out.

In the article, we will consider what it is - white and dark spots on the leaves, flowers and other parts of the orchid, and tell how to cure the plant if they appeared.

External symptoms of a problem

Spotting is an unambiguous symptom of the appearance of diseases. White spots, wateriness, brown and brown blotches of various deformations, with fringes, in the form of rings, rhombs, and irregularities appear on the surface of the sheet. Dry spots occur, as a result of which, on the damaged area, the sheet tissue crumbles and breaks.

The appearance of spots, the appearance of which should be wary:

• dark blotches of different diameter spots, which are point or merge;
• in the middle of the plate is black rot;
• yellow spots of a round shape, there is a tendency to increase;
• wet gray or brown spots;
• watery, rapidly darkening areas;
• yellow, white spots of various shapes, gradually acquiring a brown hue;
• blackness at the base of the leaf, which quickly disappears;
• the leaf is overgrown with fungal spores of black color.

What are: description and photo

Lovers of orchids have repeatedly faced with the problems of the formation of incomprehensible damaged areas in different parts of the plant.

Whites

A similar phenomenon may be due to the defeat of the flower by powdery mildew disease. This is a deadly ailment. Symptoms: spots on leaves similar to sprinkled with flour, which dry out over time.

The second reason may be a thermal burn. Direct contact with the rays of the sun as a result provokes such damage, not only of leaves, but also of flowers, buds, roots.

Black or dark

Black foliage is a rather specific but common phenomenon among orchids. The external picture of blackening depends on the type of disease and the severity. Foliage darkens all or partially. In plants with similar external characteristics, the root system often blackens, the stem, leaves die off, slow growth is noticeable.

Read more about why the plant leaves and roots turn black, and how to deal with it, read here.

Brown

Cinnamon spots on the roots, leaves and other parts of the plant, if they do not grow and darken, may indicate improper care. Otherwise, the flower is damaged by infectious diseases or harmful insects.

Wet

At home, in orchids on the leaves there are candied droplets. Outwardly, they look like frozen dew drops on green leaves. They are transparent, have a sweetish taste, sticky to the touch. In fact, it is outside of flower nectar that occurs as a result of improper care or natural processes. In more detail, the causes of the formation of sticky drops on the leaves and peduncle of the plant, we examined in this article.

On what parts of the flower does pigmentation form?

The spot where the spots appear depends on the cause of the problem:

1. The spots are single, for example, as a result of mechanical damage, burns to the leaf or roots. In this case, the spots do not increase in size over time, do not apply to other parts of the flower.
2. If the cause of everything is a bacterial or fungal infection, harmful insects, an incorrect approach to the growing process, then spotting has the ability to creep.Usually the young shoots, bulbs, leaves, flowers, roots, less often the stem and peduncle, are the first to be affected.

Why is this happening?

There are quite a lot of reasons for the occurrence of such a negative phenomenon for an indoor flower, from a banal thermal burn to a serious infection that can not be treated. It is possible that the wrong thing is to blame:

• humid or dry indoor air;
• increased air temperature;
• overdose of mineral fertilizers;
• poor water quality used for moisturizing;
• sudden changes in temperature;
• not regular watering;
• attack of harmful insects;
• bacterial, fungal, viral infections;
• incorrectly organized lighting;
• hypothermia of the plant.

Spot treatment on leaves and flowers

Spot treatment in each case individually. A certain kind of causes has its own elimination algorithm. Below we consider the options for the appearance of spots due to errors in the growing process, infectious diseases, harmful insects.

Improper care

• Arrange good lighting, shade in bright sunlight or rearrange at partial shade.
• Remove the flower pot from the draft.
• Maintaining optimal temperature and humidity, prevent overcooling of the roots, remove the orchid away from heating appliances.
• If you overdo it with fertilizers - rinse the root system and update the soil.
• At overflow:
  1. Trim damaged areas.
  2. Treat slices with an antiseptic.
  3. Transplant into a new container with a drainage layer and soil enriched with minerals.

  More information on how to act when filling the orchid can be found on this page.

• To reduce the level of salts in the soil:

  1. You need to rinse the orchid in a pot under running water for 5-10 minutes.
  2. Remove diseased areas, disinfect.
  3. Transplant into new soil.

Insect damage

The main harmful insects harmful to orchids are:

• mealybug;
• aphid;
• whitefly;
• scale shield.

If as a result of a visual inspection found "uninvited guests", you must:

1. Isolate a diseased plant.
2. Remove insects with a cotton swab.
3. If necessary, trim the affected areas.
4. Wash leaves with warm soapy water.
5. Treat the plant with a solution of intoxication.
6. Reduce watering in the cold season.

Infectious diseases

Unfortunately, stains are more likely to be caused by infection of the orchid with a bacterial, viral or fungal infection. Common Diseases:

• phylostictosis;
• anthracnose;
• gray and brown rot (about the types of rot and its treatment, we talked about in this material);
• bacterial spotting.

The main measures to combat them:

1. Move the affected orchid to another room.
2. Determine the nature of the disease.
3. Remove diseased areas.
4. Sections should be disinfected with an antiseptic, can be crushed with activated charcoal or ground cinnamon.
5. To process a plant with a fungicide solution ("Skor", "Topsin-M").
Important! If a bacterial disease is suspected in an orchid, it must be isolated from other plants to prevent the spread of infection.

What to do for prevention?

Analyze information regarding your orchid variety and organize competent care:

1. Avoid mechanical damage.
2. Optimize temperature and humidity.
3. Frequent inspection of the plant is necessary.
4. Once every 2 weeks, a flowerpot with an orchid should be lowered into the water, after adding two Alirina-B tablets there.
5. Regular washing of leaves and pot.
6. You can temporarily hang masking tape from flies and other insects.

Plant care

To avoid such unpleasant situations is possible only with proper care of the orchid.

• Provide diffuse lighting with a daylight hours of 14 hours. In winter, use artificial lighting, the best option is phyto lamps. They give a bright light and do not dry the air. In the summer, intense sunlight should be shaded with a curtain.
• Maintain a comfortable temperature in summer: + 22-25ºС, in winter + 16-18ºС. If the indicators are above the maximum specified limit, fungal diseases develop, below the minimum - bacterial diseases. The difference in temperature differences should not exceed 5ºС.
• Humidity in the range of 50-60%. To achieve such indicators, you can use a household humidifier. Be sure to regularly ventilate the room.
• Water once a week warm, soft water. In intervals, the soil should completely dry, do not ignore this condition. After all, an excess of moisture is most often the cause of the development of rotten diseases.
• Fertilize orchids need 2 times a month, especially during flowering. Top dressing should be used with a predominant content of potassium and iron. Nitrogen fertilizers are used to build green mass.
• Perfect option - spray flower better up to 5 times a day. Exclude the procedure during the flowering period. Be sure to ensure that the water does not stagnate in the sinuses of the flower.

Many ailments with an orchid can be diagnosed by the appearance of spots on the foliage. Having studied the characteristics of the disease, it is worth taking appropriate treatment measures. Do not delay in the fight against ailments, because treatment at an early stage is much easier than a neglected condition.

Useful video

From the video you will find out why spots appear on orchids and what to do about it:

Watch the video: Orchid Disease - Bacterial Brown Rot, spotting, treating and preventing (December 2024).