Types of foundation

The foundation is a very responsible construction, which transfers a huge load from all the walls, internal equipment and the roof of the house. In this article we will consider the main types of foundation.

If we talk about the issue of the cost of the foundation, it should be noted that the main criteria from which this concept is formed is the quality of the building material, as well as the choice of a particular technology for its construction. For clarity: the foundation is estimated at approximately 17% of the cost of all construction work. If the foundation is not built correctly, this can cause the building to skew, deform and completely destroy all structures that are located above it.

Tape - Settled under massive, dimensional buildings. They are characterized by a uniform cross section around the perimeter of the entire house. This foundation is being built relatively quickly, in addition, this event is less expensive than the construction, for example, of a slab foundation.

Columnar (on stilts) - Suitable for buildings based on walls with relatively light structures. The main elements of such foundations are brick, reinforced concrete or stone piles. This type of foundation is the most budgetary, not requiring significant investment.

Foundation slab - it is used on heavy soil, and is presented in the form of flat plates, which are located over the entire area of the building. These foundations are successfully practiced in the construction of high-rise buildings.

Separately, the foundations of the so-called "shallow laying" should be noted.

tape for mounting load-bearing walls;
tape for installation of columns on them;
columnar;
solid flat or ribbed plates;
massive, which are arranged under the entire building.

When organizing the foundation, it is very important to correctly determine the necessary depth of its foundation. This indicator is affected by the nature of the soil and the location of the groundwater. Similarly, one must take into account the location of various kinds of underground utilities, as well as other factors. When designing the base of the foundation, it is necessary to take into account the limiting values of deformations and other technological requirements.

The main characteristics of any foundation are the stability and strength of its base. They must be provided under the influence of horizontal loads, including seismic. These characteristics are most relevant for buildings that are located on soils saturated with moisture. These types of foundations have special deep pits where trenches are laid. By the way, there is a foundation on screw piles, you can read more about it here.