Types of orchids: name and photo, how many of them all and what rare indoor flowers are, as well as a description of different varieties and tips for home care

Orchid is a beautiful and delicate flower that is very popular among gardeners. In terms of care, it is not simple, it requires minimal experience and knowledge. But on the other hand, a wide selection of varietal varieties is simply mesmerizing and new varieties are still being developed.

It is enough to choose only a few types of orchids in order to originally and interestingly design a balcony, a loggia or a winter garden. We will consider what types of this amazing plant are, how to handle them in the process of home growing, and also admire photos of different varieties. It will also be interesting to see a useful video on this topic.

How many are there?

Orchids are representatives of one of the largest monocotyledons. In total, they have 750 genera and 20,000 to 25,000 species. Although today these numbers are increased to 30,000 species, which is almost 10% of all plants in the world.

Is it possible to determine by leaves?

Until the orchid blooms, it is quite problematic to understand its appearance. The leaves of several varieties can be the same or completely different. The only thing that unites all varieties of orchids is the absence of pseudo-bulbs, a large root and several leaf-like leaves.

Important! If there are no such signs, and the type of plant was not indicated during the sale, then you will have to wait for flowering, and then you will already have to determine by color what variety the orchid is.

What does it depend on?

All varieties of this amazing plant are divided into several types for a reason. The first thing that determines the type of orchid is the growing conditions. As you know, this flower can be grown at home and in the wild. In addition, each species has its own peculiarities of care: some need abundant watering and regular cortex, while others are not very picky and bloom very well with minimal care.

Which are there?

Fancy

Orchid itself is an unusual flower, but in nature there are its "fabulous" varieties. These include such varieties:

monkey orchid;
orchid butterfly;
Italian Orchis;
hot lips;
flying duck;
happy alien;
orchid angel;
orchid pigeon.

The most unique and chic

This category includes such varieties:

Calypso onion;
blue wanda;
cymbidium eburnum;
heart-shaped odontoglossum;
habenaria radiata;
oncidium is beautiful.

Easy to care

The following varieties of orchids, which are simple in terms of care, will be an excellent option for a beginner florist:

clantp dressed;
dendrobium;
phalaenopsis;
cymbidium;
Miltonia and Miltoniopsis;
Makodez Petola.

Costly

An orchid in itself is an expensive flower, as it belongs to the exotic class. But such a variety as Kinabalu Gold is the most luxurious. Only a very wealthy person can afford to buy it, because its value exceeds $ 5,000.

The most difficult to care for

The most finicky are the following varieties of orchids:

agency;
coelogin;
makodes;
epidendrum.

Rare

In nature, there are varieties of orchids that can be found only in special departments of botanical gardens or at exhibitions. These are rare species that are rarely found in the natural environment. These include:

epidendrum;
ludisia;
masdevallia;
trademarked;
spatoglottis;
psychosis;
makodes;
maxillaria.

Popular varieties of indoor flowers with descriptions and photos

Mix

This is an evergreen plant, which is distinguished by a beautiful and long flowering. Use a flower for interior decoration. Due to the long-term preservation of freshness after cutting, the flowers have been actively used to create various compositions. Such an orchid mix is suitable for a beginnersince she is not picky in terms of care. All that she needs, as it is high-quality lighting and timely watering.

Philadelphia

This is a popular type of orchid that is considered hybrid. The flowers have a large size and various colors. Most often, their color is purple-pink. The plant is distinguished by its luxurious appearance and ease of care. You can find more information about the Philadelphia Orchid here.

Sogo

Sogo's orchid looks incredible. Her peduncles hang down. A curtain is created from large white flowers with a yellow center. These orchids are widely known for decorating banquet rooms and weddings. The sizes of flowers and leaves are large. The fox is narrowed and has a dark green color.

Vanilla

Homeland is considered Central America, but it is cultivated in various countries of the world to obtain spices and a beautiful flower. When grown indoors, the Vanilla orchid does not bear fruit. But it blooms beautifully. She has delicate flowers painted in yellow, snow-white or light green.

The flower lasts only 1 day, but flowering lasts 2-3 weeks. During this period, the plant produces a delicate aroma, which is a kind of reward to the gardener for careful care.

Tiger

This plant has a special charm. The original tiger color of the orchid captivated all gardeners. In addition to the original form of inflorescence, the tiger orchid has a "predatory", striped camouflage.

Beauty

This variety is characterized by the presence of 2 peduncles with blue buds and bright green leaves. Beauty blooms 2 or 3 times a year. It all depends on how much nutrients the plant has accumulated and how it is taken care of.

Zygopetalum

This plant is characterized by short and thickened stems, but the leaves are elongated. Flowers are characterized by attractive appearance and colorful coloring of different shades. In addition, the zygopetalum orchid smells amazing, and you can compare the aroma with the smell of a daffodil. But the plant is rather capricious in terms of care, so you have to pay due attention to it.

Kaoda

This type of orchid is distinguished by violet-black flowers. At the same time, the petals of Kaoda are hard, dense and with a wax coating. When growing a flower, it is best to install it on a sunny window.

Liodoro

This is a hybrid variety that was bred not so long ago. He was officially taken out in 1982. Liodoro is distinguished by light green leaves, sometimes they acquire a yellow tint. Peduncles are impressive in size and gently hang down.

Wild cat

This type of orchid has an unusual appearance. The number of peduncles in it is 3, leaves are light yellow in color, dense and hard. But at the petals the main color is white, and cherry dots are scattered on them. Read more about the Wild Cat orchid here.

Big lip

This plant grows to a mark of 90 cm. The peduncle is branched, the diameter of the flowers is 12-13 cm. The flowering of the Big Lip orchid lasts from October to January. The color of the flower is pink-purple, very bright.

Cumbria

This variety includes 3 subspecies of orchids, which differ in size, shape and color of the buds. Pseudobulbs are oval or rounded. The leaves are light green in color, have a narrow shape.. More information about the Cumbria Orchid can be found here.

Multiflora

These plants are in great demand among flower growers due to long flowering - 2-4 months. In addition, the variety is replete with a wide color of petals. You can use the Multiflora orchid for decorating apartments, shop windows, wedding bouquets. The plant has 4-6 long bright green leaves. Their shape is oval, size 35 cm.

Flowers are small in size, 3-6 cm in diameter. Flowers in the form of inflorescences of 15-20 pieces are arranged in opposite rows on peduncles. The peduncles themselves are hybrid, slightly curly, their length is 50-60 cm.

Cymbidium

This type of orchid is one of the most popular for home growing. Its peculiarity is that it is unpretentious in the course. Besides, Cymbidium is characterized by exotic flowering and unique aroma.which will delight for 10 weeks. The leaves are long, small in size, the color of the petals may be brown or yellow.

Slipper (Paphiopedilum)

This original orchid variety got its name due to the unusual shape of the flower, which resembles a shoe. The plant has no pseudobulbs, there is a rosette of evergreen leaves and a single wax flower. The leaves of the Venus shoe are green, have an oblong shape with an original bright pattern. The inner surface is covered with purple dots. The roots of the shoes are brown and down.

Read more about the Paphiopedilum orchid in this article.

Cattleya

This variety is one of the largest representatives of orchids. The flower is beautiful with petals that are covered with a wax coating and have a corrugated "lip". Cattleya orchid blooms for 3 weeks. The color of the petals is multifaceted - from pale pink and beige tones to deep purple.

Manhattan

The Manhattan variety has a delicate aroma and patterned leaves. The color of the petals can be pink, white, cream. The sizes are average, flowering lasts 3 months. The care is standard, but it is only important to take care of proper lighting, otherwise the pattern on the leaves will disappear.

Wanda

This variety is the most beautiful of all representatives of the orchid family. The flower gained popularity due to its unique color - bright purple. It is enough to take a look at Wanda once so that she will subdue with her grace and mystery. Wanda will become a worthy decoration of any room, but in terms of care you will have to try.

Brassia

The birthplace of this plant is considered to be South America, but this does not prevent it from growing in Russia. The orchid is perennial, has flowers of an unusual shape and color. Flowers and buds look like striped paws of a spider. You can grow a plant in a pot, flowerpot. In total, the Brassia orchid has 34 species, but the most famous are the Brassia spotted and Brassia warty. Among flower growers, the culture gained wide popularity due to not picky in terms of cultivation.

Miltonia

This genus has about 20 species of orchids. All flowers are tender and touching, but their shape resembles butterflies. The pattern on the petals looks so that it seems as if dew drops flow from them to the ground. The shades of Miltonia are simply striking in their diversity. - from white to deep purple. In addition, there may be a combination of two or more tones with sharp contrast transitions.

Ludisia

This variety is called precious. Its homeland is the forests of China, Vietnam, Malaysia. The peculiarity of Ludisia in its leaves, since they are quite unusual. They have an amazing purple or olive color with bright veins. Their surface is velvety, which sparkles under the sun's rays, like a gem. The plant itself is stunted, its height is not more than 15 cm.

Dracula

This family has about 120 species. Dracula is a rare plant, it grows on trees in the forests of Mexico, Colombia and Ecuador. The height of the culture is 3 m. This name is not accidental, since the buds resemble the mouth of a dragon. In addition, not only insects, but also bats pollinate the flower.

To recognize the flower of Dracula among the other varieties of orchids, you can color - black. Its shades are unique to the entire flower world. When growing Dracula, it is necessary to install it in a dark place where moderate temperature and high humidity. In summer, the plant is best taken outside.

Dendrobium

This variety is one of the most beautiful and original. Its homeland is China, Asia and the Philippines. It grows mainly in mountainous areas, although it can be seen on the plains. There are a large number of species, but the most common are Dendrobium Noble and Dendrobium Nobile. They are great for home growing.

Mostly plants are lithophytes. This suggests that they grow on rocks and stones. Their flowers are so unusual that they can be confused with wax products. But Dendrobium Phalaenopsis is an interesting lilac orchid, which is large in size. Dendrobium bouquetaceae is the rarest orchid species that grows at an altitude of 2 thousand meters. Mountain orchid is distinguished by its lush flowering and amazing aroma.

You will find more information about the variety of the Dendrobium orchid, as well as about the features of its cultivation, in a separate article.

Lycasta

This plant is characterized by magnificent large flowers and an interesting pattern. It is rarely grown in a potsince the sizes do not allow. It is grown most often in greenhouses and conservatories. Mexico is considered the birthplace of Lycast.

Features of keeping at home

Lighting

Properly organized lighting is a fundamental factor in caring for this plant. Orchid requires 12-15 hours of light day. In winter days, it will be necessary to illuminate it with lamps. In other seasons, place a flower pot on the windowsill, the window of which faces the west or east. But the southern windows will have to shade. On the north side, fluorescent lighting will be required.

Temperature mode

The temperature parameters for orchids are determined taking into account the type of flower. Phalaenopsis and other tropical species of orchids in the summer grow at a temperature of 32 degrees Celsius. In winter, the temperature at night should not be lower than 15 degrees.

Reference! Dendrobiums, miltonia, and other species native to the subtropics love a sparing atmosphere: +22 in summer during the day and + 12-15 degrees in winter.

As for humidity, then for an orchid it should be 60-70%. Spraying has a temporary effect, and it also contributes to decay and the development of infectious diseases. It’s best to use humidifiers.Install open containers of water and moisten the gravel in the pan. Spraying is minimized so that the liquid does not fall on the petals.

Watering

Stagnation of water is unacceptable for an orchid, as it leads to yellowing of leaves and decay of the root system. For watering, it is worth using only soft water: rain, boiled or thawed. In the summer, watering should be done after the land dries up - 2-3 times a week. But in winter it is rare to carry out hydration, as soon as the pseudobulb begins to wrinkle.

Top dressing

If orchids are transplanted in a timely manner (2-3 times a year), then dressing can be omitted altogether, since the flower will be able to get all the nutritional components directly from the substrate. Excess nutrients will depress the plant and lead to development. infections. A high concentration of mineral salts will cause the death of orchids.

If top dressing is required, then it is worth using the following compounds:

Bona forte.
Crystal
Pokon.
Compo.
Greenworld

When using any of the presented formulations, it is worth reducing the dosage by 2 times. Feeding is performed only in spring and summer, when active plant growth is observed.

Advice! To stimulate flowering, it is worthwhile to treat with drugs such as Ovary, Bud and Pollen.

Diseases and Pests

The following parasites can affect the orchid if improperly maintained.:

millipedes;
wood lice;
ants
earthworms;
scale insects;
nematodes;
aphid;
whiteflies.

To combat them, it is necessary to normalize care, wipe the leaves 5 times a day with water, and also use insecticides.

Among the diseases, the most dangerous remain:

Bacterial leaf spotting. You can detect by the presence of pronounced spots on the sheet plate. Over time, they turn yellow, darken, and the leaves themselves soften. For treatment, cut off affected areas, and treat sections of the cut with activated carbon powder.
Powdery mildew. Leaves and buds are covered with white plaque. It seems as if the plant was sprinkled with flour. For treatment, spray with a solution of colloidal sulfur.

Orchid is an amazing flower that is grown today at home and in open flower beds. It is presented in a wide variety of varieties, each of which requires special care, and also differs in the duration of flowering, the color of the buds and their shape.